Uniswap V3 vs V4 — what changed?

V4 moves every pool into one PoolManager contract (the 'singleton'), making pool creation and multi-hop swaps dramatically cheaper. Pools are identified by a PoolKey hash instead of a contract address.

The headline feature is hooks: contracts that run custom logic at pool lifecycle points (beforeSwap, afterSwap, etc.). Hooks enable dynamic fees, limit orders, TWAMM, and custom incentives.

For LPs, hooks cut both ways: dynamic fees can pay you more in volatile moments, but an unverified hook controls pool behavior. LiqMax decodes hook permissions and flags unverified hooks on every V4 pool page.

Educational content — not financial advice.